Which of the following is a standard component of COPD exacerbation management?

• A. Supplemental oxygen, SABA, steroids, antibiotics
• B. Lifestyle changes only
• C. Vaccination only
• D. No antibiotics

Answer: (A)

In a COPD exacerbation the goal is to rapidly improve airflow and oxygenation while reducing airway inflammation. The standard approach includes providing supplemental oxygen to keep SpO2 in the target range, giving short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilators to open the airways, and administering systemic corticosteroids to hasten recovery and lessen symptoms. Antibiotics are added when there are signs pointing to a bacterial infection, such as increased sputum purulence and volume or in more severe cases. Vaccination and lifestyle changes are important for prevention but do not treat the acute episode, so they’re not part of the immediate management. Because this option lists the core, routinely used treatments for an acute COPD flare, it best reflects standard management.